Tilapia, as an important cultured species of China, is an extensively cultured aquaculture species in worldwide. The tilapia industry grows fast in our country, which production, output value and export volume are ranking first in the world. Because of long time to introduction it to China, genetic degradation problems become common in tilapia industry. Tilapia breeding was summarized from several aspects that hope to respond the progress of tilapia breeding. With the development to tilapia industry, it provides reference to the researcher.