The phosphate deposit of the Mofang ore Section is located in the Gaoping mining area of Wengfu phosphate mine in Guizhou. The ore body can be divided into two ore beds, ore bed a and ore bed b, but only ore bed b has industrial value. In order to understand the formation environment of ore bed b, the occurrence forms of associated rare earth elements, and their sources, based on field geological surveys, this study used scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to investigate the distribution and geochemical characteristics of rare earth elements. The results indicate that all rare earth elements, including Y, are distributed in collophane, but their distribution is not very uniform or stable. Combined with LaN/SmN-LaN/YbN diagram’s analysis, rare earth elements are primarily present in collophane in an adsorbed form. Ore bed b exhibits a significant negative Ce anomaly (Ce/Ce*=0.49 to 0.83), the average value of Ceanom is -0.22(<-0.1), and a relatively high Y/Ho ratio (42 to 56, with an average of 47.44), reflecting a relatively oxidizing formation environment for ore bed b. Ore bed b is located in the terrestrial clastic shallow marine platform facies zone, and phosphate ore samples are plotted on the sedimentary rock area on the ΣREE-La/Yb relationship[基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（U1812402和41563003） *通信作者: 何明勤（1966-）, 男, 博士, 教授, 研究方向: 矿床学及矿床地球化学. E-mail: mingqinhe@126.com.]diagram, the “hat-shaped” rare earth element PAAS normalized distribution pattern, and most samples exhibit significant positive Eu/Eu* (1.01 to 1.79) anomalies, indicating that the main sources of ore-forming materials are terrigenous sedimentary rocks and possible hydrothermal sources.